Edward m



ithdt i tant EDWARD ll/I.` GRANT, OF MACON, GEORGIA.

v Lette/rs Patent No. 85,171, dated December 22, 1868. I

WRoUGHT-IRQN BRIDGE-PIER.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent andA making part; ofthe samer Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5 represent details ofconstruc Thisinvention has for its object the construction of a simple, strong,cheap, and durable iron pier,l for bridges and other lofty structures.

The pier is builtin sections`,fA B O, the construc tion of the lowersection being shown at A, that of the upper section at B, and that ofthe intermediate sections at C. f Y

The number of intermediate sections will be determined by the height andstrength required in the pier. The wholel rests upon a heavy course ofmasonry, supported by and connected. -with thensual foundation of rockor crib-work, filled with concrete on the inside, even with the uppersurface of the masonry, and Well riprapped on the outside.

The pier consists of twelve wrought-iron columns, '1l d, arranged, sixon each side, and braced, supported, and connected, as shown in iig. 1.

The twelve columns are of the pattern known as the .Plnnnix patent,manufactured at Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, the general nature of whichmay be seen from figs. 2, 4, and 5.

D is a cast-iron plate, extending around the top of the course ofmasonry, three inches thick by nine wide, bolted to the rock by boltsWell leaded into the' stone.

The lower ends of the columns, in the' bottom section, are fastened bybolts, passing through this' plate into the rook, and firmly fastenedtherein.

The columns are furnished with cast-iron caps, /E.E, fastened to them bysmall bolts.

Between each ofthe sections there is a system of lateral bracing,consisting of a cast-iron plate, Mfthree inches by nine, trussed withcast-iron braces, m m, and' heavy wrought-iron rods, m m.

Bolts, 'i'. i, pass through the plates M, and through the caps of thecolumns, above and below each section, thus securing the columnstogether into one continuous system, from the top to the bottom ofthepier.

The columns have a batter, of from one inch to one foot, in both lateraland longitudinal directions of the pier, and are firmly braced and tiedtogether by wrought iron stays, s s, bolted-to them, as sh'ownln fig. 5,the cast-iron pieces o o affording the requlslte Vmeans of contactbetween the stays and the columns.

in section A there are eight pairs of stays to each side ofthe pier; insection C, six pairs; and, 1n sec- -lion B, only two pairs.

The relative length of these stays, and their points of contact with thehorizontal cast-iron plates, and with the columns, are clearly shown iniig. 1.

The ends of each section (except, in some cases, section A) are bracedby diagonal stays, F F, arranged in pairs,rand each pair strengthened bythe bracing shown at c e, iig. 1. f

The bridge-seat M' is of'cast-iron, bolted to the tops of the uppercolumns. The inner columns of the upper section diverge, as seen in tig.1, so as to be concentrated under each chord of the superstructure, thusconsolidating the strength under the pressure, and, at

upper portion of the pier.

Q is a heavy wrought-iron column, standing out from the upper end ofsection A as a cut-water or ice-break.

n n are wrought-iron bars, four inches Wide and oneto the columns in thesame manner as the stays.

This sheathing prevents any tloating substance from injuring the pier,and acts as a Very efficient bracing. It extends above high-water line7of the stream.

Having-thus described my invention,

. What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The lower section A, when constructed with the Phoenix-patent columnsd d, the plates DM, the stays s s, the wrought-iron straps a a, theinclined column Q, the'caps E E, and the cast-iron plates o o, allconstructed, arranged, and bolted together inthe manner described.

2. The upper section B, when constructcdwith the columns d ll, inclinedas described and shown; the cast-iron plates M M', the stays s s and FF, the latter strengthened by the braces c c the caps E E; and thecast-iron plates o o all constructed, arranged, and connected togetherin the manner described.

3. The intermediate sections C O, when constructed with the columnsd d,plates M M, stays s s F F, braces e c, caps E E, plates o 0, and trussesfm my', all constructed, arranged, and combined in the manner and forthe purpose specified.

4. The described arrangement of sections A B C, when severallyconstructed and connected in the manner described, so as to form asingle pier.

5. In any pier, the use of Wrought-iron straps 'n n, and iron columns dd Q, arranged as described, and bolted together, the straps extendingaround the front from floating ice, drift-wood, Btc. Y

6. The described method of attaching the stays to tion of the stays s s,columns d d, iron plates o o, and bolts 0' fr, substantially as shownand specified.

have signed my hand, this 8th day of September, 1868. Witnesses:FJDVVARD M. GRANT.

J No. BAsKn-rfrn, J. H. BURKE.

the same time, 'adding greatly to the rigidity of the Y half an inchthick, placed three inches apart, and bolted and sides of the pier, forthe purpose of protecting it the columns, to wit, the arrangement andcombina- To the above specification of my improvement, l

